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Taltos in Hungarian Culturae Tradition
Horychová, Simona ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (referee)
The aim is to introduce a character of Táltoše in all its complexity. Táltos occurs mainly in Hungarian folklore. It is assumed that in rural environment are kept magic-religious beliefs of Proto-hungarians. Based on comparison of world beliefs Ugro-Finnish and Ural-Altaic ethnic groups of Siberia with the Hungarian folk tradition scientists try to prove that the original function of Táltos was the same as shaman held in Siberian ethnic groups. In the European environment, there are characters with the same attributes which dispose Táltos as well. For this reason, some scientists inclined to an European-Slavic origin. However, at the present Táltos is considered in Hungarian society as a shaman and therefore the scientists try to build on its old religious tradition. Keywords Taltos, shaman, shamanism, Hungarians, ethnogenesis, culture
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Igbo national consciousnes
Štěpánková, Hana ; Skupnik, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Chlup, Radek (referee)
Before the direct contact with Europe, the area of present-day south-eastern Nigeria was inhabited by a dispersed population limited to only village or local consciousness but in 1967 representatives of this region declared the independent state of Biafra with the intention to separate from Nigeria which indicates strong collective consciousness. The bearers of this consciousness consider themselves to be Igbo and the collectivity has features of a nation. Therefore it is the Igbo national consciousness I deal with in this thesis. In the theoretical introduction I situate a nation within the sphere of ideas. The historiographic part of the thesis examines how the Igbo nation came into existence. It deals with traditional culture, trade, missionary activity, education, colonial administration, migration, decolonization and politics in independent Nigeria. The second, semiologic part is based on my research among the Igbos in Prague and focuses on the contemporary means for the inter-subjective maintenance of their national consciousness. I try to explain it using a concept of national symbols which can be understood as narratives supporting the idea of continuity, strengthening of borders and assuring the internal homogeneity as distinguished from the external differences.
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Lev Gumil'ëv's Philosophy of History
Šmejkal, Jiří ; Nykl, Hanuš (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
This bachelor thesis is dedicated to philosophy of history of Lev Nikolaevich Gumilev and to his so called theory of ethnogenesis and passionarity. At the beginning I will concisely introduce work and life of this thinker and afterwards I am going to focus on incentives that preceded the main theory of L. N. Gumilev. I will also shortly introduce the Eurasian movement. Main part of this work will deal with theory of ethnogenesis and its application on history of nations.
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Taltos in Hungarian Culturae Tradition
Horychová, Simona ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (referee)
The aim is to introduce a character of Táltoše in all its complexity. Táltos occurs mainly in Hungarian folklore. It is assumed that in rural environment are kept magic-religious beliefs of Proto-hungarians. Based on comparison of world beliefs Ugro-Finnish and Ural-Altaic ethnic groups of Siberia with the Hungarian folk tradition scientists try to prove that the original function of Táltos was the same as shaman held in Siberian ethnic groups. In the European environment, there are characters with the same attributes which dispose Táltos as well. For this reason, some scientists inclined to an European-Slavic origin. However, at the present Táltos is considered in Hungarian society as a shaman and therefore the scientists try to build on its old religious tradition. Keywords Taltos, shaman, shamanism, Hungarians, ethnogenesis, culture
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Igbo national consciousnes
Štěpánková, Hana ; Skupnik, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Chlup, Radek (referee)
Before the direct contact with Europe, the area of present-day south-eastern Nigeria was inhabited by a dispersed population limited to only village or local consciousness but in 1967 representatives of this region declared the independent state of Biafra with the intention to separate from Nigeria which indicates strong collective consciousness. The bearers of this consciousness consider themselves to be Igbo and the collectivity has features of a nation. Therefore it is the Igbo national consciousness I deal with in this thesis. In the theoretical introduction I situate a nation within the sphere of ideas. The historiographic part of the thesis examines how the Igbo nation came into existence. It deals with traditional culture, trade, missionary activity, education, colonial administration, migration, decolonization and politics in independent Nigeria. The second, semiologic part is based on my research among the Igbos in Prague and focuses on the contemporary means for the inter-subjective maintenance of their national consciousness. I try to explain it using a concept of national symbols which can be understood as narratives supporting the idea of continuity, strengthening of borders and assuring the internal homogeneity as distinguished from the external differences.
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